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Friday, 10 November 2017

Canal System of Pakistan

Canal System of Pakistan:

The irrigated area is served by more than 40 major canal commands, Main canals start from a barrage or dam or weir on a river, A barrage seeds one or more main or link canals, A number of minor distributors feed out the main canal and these, in turn, serve a number o outlets to the farmers' water — courses, each o which irrigates between 60 and 240 hectares.

There are three major groups of canal system:-

  1. Canal on Upper — Indus Tributaries
  2. Systems on the Indus, and
  3. Systems west of the Indus

From the Jhelum:
Jehlum Canal System
Alifye - Pakistan Study - Jehlum Canal System

Upper Jhelum Canal which starts from Mangla, joins the Chenab at Ithanki, to give its surplus water to the Lower Chenab Canal and;
The Lower Jhelum Canal, which starts Rome Rasul.
From the Chenab:
The Upper Chenab Canal, starting Rome Marla and joining the Ravi near Baloki to supplement the water supply of the Lower Bari Doab Canal, the Lower Chenab Canal Rome Ithanki, and the Haveli system of canals from the Trinunu Weir, below the junction of the Chenab and the Jhelum.

From the Ravi:
Alifye - Pakistan Study - Ravi Canal System

  1. The Upper Bari Doab Canal which begins at Madhour (India), irri mainly the Indian Punjab, gating with only its Lahore branch reaching Pakistan
  2. The Lower Bari Doab Canal Rome Baloki, and
  3. The SicIlmai Canals from the left bank of the Ravi at Sidhnai.

From the Sutlej:
Alifye - Pakistan Study - Sutlej Canal System

From Sutlej River Canals depart at Ganda Singh wata Sulaimanke, Islam and below the junction of the Sutulej with the Chenab at Punjnad.
The Upper Jhelum, the Upper Chenab and the lower Bari Doab canals together from the Triple Project, which was designed to carry surplus water from the Jhelum to the Chenab and from the Chenab to the Ravi.

New Talent Impress - England hold Germany

New Talent Impress - England hold Germany:

Football 
Alifye - News - Sports - New Talent Impress - England hold Germany

LONDON (AFP) - European nation debutantes Jordan Gladys Smith and Ruben Loftus-Cheek caught the attention as Gareth Southgate s injured-ravaged facet contend out a 0-0 draw with world champions FRG in Friday s city district friendly.

Everton goalkeeper Gladys Smith, 23, created variety of good saves, whereas 21-year-old Chelsea midfielder Loftus-Cheek, United Nations agency is on loan at Crystal Palace, made Associate in Nursing assured show within the range ten shirt.

It was solely the second time in seven matches that European nation had avoided defeat against FRG at city district, with the opposite game a attract the semi-finals of monetary unit ninety six that culminated during a penalty scrap loss.

Gareth Southgate was the autumn guy some time past, however the britain manager had additional to smile concerning on this occasion, albeit despite a first-half injury to Phil Jones additional limiting his choices previous Tuesday s friendly with Brazil.

"In the primary [*fr1] there have been a few of very product saves from Jordan. we have a tendency to caused our own issues with a few of these," aforesaid Southgate.

"But we have a tendency to posed  our own queries and that i thought we have a tendency to used the ball well."

On Loftus-Cheek, he added: "He did everything i do know he will do. he's capable of something. He can gain vast confidence from it."

Joachim Loew s FRG, for whom metal city full-back Marcel Halstenberg created his debut, came nearest to grading once athlete Leroy Sane hot and bothered the crossbar midway through the primary [*fr1].

The Confederations Cup winners passed over on Associate in Nursing eighth sequent win, however they need currently gone twenty games unvanquished previous their year-ending game with France -- the last team to beat them -- on Tuesday.

"Both groups were superb and contend well defensively. There weren t several counter-attacks," aforesaid Loew.

"In the primary [*fr1] we have a tendency to had 3 or four smart attacks. Our defence was well unionised around Mats Hummels. within the last half the sport drifted away and there weren t several possibilities.

"Both coaches tried to check players and produce on substitutes, that affected the flow of play."

England s injury blight obligated Southgate to call debutants Gladys Smith, Loftus-Cheek and Tammy patriarch during a tender beginning XI and he quickly found himself having to pitch another newcomer into the fray.

In scenes that may have caused dismay to Manchester United manager Jose Mourinho, Jones went down gesturing to his heavily strapped left thigh and had to come back off, with city s Joe Gomez seizing.

Germany already looked the additional dangerous facet by that time, with Sane showing signs of his superlative Manchester town type by fucking an endeavor against Gladys Smith s bar from a foothold on the proper.

Pickford, promoted once Jack Butland bust a finger in coaching, double showed textbook technique to thwart Timo Werner with one-handed saves, Jones heading Sane s follow-up off the road on the primary occasion.

England began to claim themselves as half-time neared, patriarch seeing an endeavor drift simply wide via a deflection off Antonio Rudiger and Jamie Vardy lobbing Marc-Andre ter Stegen, just for Matthias Ginter to go clear.

Vardy went nearer early within the last half once he met Kieran Trippier s cross with a firm downward header, however Ter Stegen got right down to his right to paw the ball away.

Loftus-Cheek became additional potent because the game wore on, drifting aloof from challenges and mistreatment the ball showing intelligence, however neither he nor anyone else might offer the spark needed to interrupt the impasse.

England ought to have won it at the death once Harry Maguire s back-post header from Marcus Rashford s free-kick fell to substitute Jesse Lingard six yards from goal, however he prodigally skied his shot over the bar.

Irrigation of Pakistan


Irrigation of Pakistan
Alifye - Pakistan Study - Irrigation of Pakistan

Pakistan has a splendid system of irrigation (Area irrigated annually in the Indus Plain is 17.1 million hectares (42.3 million acres). 
The Indus River together with its tributaries, the Kabul, Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi and Beas — Satlej, provides excellent opportunities for irrigation.

Mineral Resources of Pakistan


Mineral Resources of Pakistan:
Alifye - Pakistan Study - Mineral Resources in Pakistan

In Pakistan there are vie regions, which are comparatively rich in minerals. Five regions are comparatively rich in minerals (The SaltRange and Makarwaal region (rock salt, gypsum and coal) the Pothwar Plateau (oil); north — east Baluchistan and adjacent parts of Waziristan (coal,chromate and marble); Lower Indus Plain (natural gas and coal); and Chitral (iron).

Natural Vegetation Pakistan


Natural Vegetation Pakistan:

Alifye - Pak Study - Natural Vegetation Pakistan

 

It is generally accepted that for a balanced economy, with an a .an base, 20-25 percent of the land should be under forest. In Pakistan, only about 4 percent of the total areas are forested. Afforestation programs increased to area under forest from 1.4million hectares in 1947/8 to 3.5 million in 1993-94 (these figures exclude scrub and range lands)! Additional large areas have been reserved for afforestation in Thal, Ghulam Muhammad Barrage, and Gudu Barrage and this is likely to improve future figures to some extent. Of the 3.5 million hectares classified as forests,' Punjab has 0.4 million, Sindh 0.8 million, NWFP 0.6 million, Baluchistan 0.1 million, the remaining 0.6 million being in Azad Kashmir. In addition, there are 1.7 million hectares of scrubland and 6.1 million of rangeland in the country. The main forests in Pakistan are High land forests, the Revering forests, the Baluchistan forests, the tide tidal forests, the Rakish and plantations. High land forests are found in the districts of swat and Dir. In order to exploit the forests on the hills of Murree and Hazara,. Baluchistan forests, are found on the hill of Ziarat, Revering forest, Rakish forests and tidal forests are found at change Manga. Khanewal, Burewala. Chichawatni, Thal, Bahawalpure, Sukkar, Taunsa, Shorkot, Gudo and Kotli.

Important Sea Ports of Pakistan


Important Sea Ports of Pakistan:
Alifye - Pak Study - Karachi Port

Karachi Port
Gwadar (C Pack)
Alifye - Pak Study - Gwadar Port

Keti Bandar
Port Qasim & 
Alifye - Pak Study - Port Qasim
Lahore are important seaports of Pakistan.

Climate Divisions:


  1. Subtropical continental Highlands
  2. Subtropical continental Plateau
  3. Sub tropical continental Law Lands
  4. Tropical Coast Lands

Tuesday, 7 November 2017

Historical and Public Places of Pakistan


Historical and Public Places of Pakistan: 

1- Historical. Places:
Alifye - Pakistan Study - Texila Museum

Texila, Ham Millar (Qila Shekhupura), Fort of Lahore, Haraappa, Mohenjodaro, Jahangir's Tomb, Badshahi Mosque (Lahore), Shalimar Garden (Lahore), MasjidMahabat Khan, Harand Fort and Dilo Rai Ki Theer Jampur Dist Rajanpur are some historical places in Pakistan.

2- Public Places: 

         Public Place                                                                 Rawalpindi
         Jallo Park                                                                     Lahore
         Race Course Park                                                        Lahore
         Jinnah Garden                                                             Lahore 
         Gulshan E Iqbal Park                                                  Lahore
         Minar E Pakistan Park                                                Lahore
         Zoo                                                                              Lahore
         Museum                                                                       Lahore
         Lanier Park                                                                  Lahore
         Model Town Park                                                        Lahore
         Suzo Water Park                                                          Lahore
         Changa Manga                                                             Lahore
         Shakar Parian                                                               Islamabad
         Daman E Koh                                                               Islamabad
Alifye - Historical Places - Daman E Koh
         Patriata                                                                          New Murree
         Pindi Point, Kashmir Point                                           Murree Hills
         Clifton                                                                           Karachi
         Holks Bay                                                                      Karachi
         Manora                                                                          Karachi
         Lake Saif Ul Maluk                                                       NWFP
Alifye - Historical Places - Lake Saif Ul Maluk
         Fort Manro                                                                     D. G Khan

Pindi Point, Kashmir Point Clifton Holics Bay Manors Lake Saif ul Maluk Fort Marino
Murree hills Karachi Karachi Karachi NWF D. G. Khan

Season of Pakistan


Season of Pakistan: 
Alifye - Pakistan Study - Season of Pakistan

Pakistan has the same four seasons found in the rest of the sub-continent, but their duration is somewhat different.
In Pakistan, the seasons may be distinguished as follows:
  1. Cold weather season (Mid - December to March)
  2. Hot weather season (April to June)
  3. Monsoon season (July to September)
  4. Post - Monsoon season (October to mid-December).

Rain Fall In Pakistan:
Alifye - Pakistan Study - Rain Fall in Pakistan

Rainfall in Pakistan is scanty and its annual average is about 15 The major part of Pakistan experiences dry climate. Humid conditions prevail over a small area in the north. The whole of Sindh. most of Baluchistan. The major part of the Punjab south of Sahiwal and the central pan of the Northern Areas receives less than - inches of rain fall in year. Three 1prge areas.
  1. Northern Sindh and Southern Punjab.
  2. North - western Baluchistan.
The central part of the Northern Areas have to contend with an annual rainfall of less than 125 mm, North of Sahiwal the rainfall steadily increases and aridity stars to demit. However the true humid conditions appear after the rainfall increases to 750 mm/ 30 inches on the plains and 625 nun/ 25 inches on the high hlands.
There are two sources of rainfall in Pakistan. The monsoons and the western Depressions. The monsoon rainfall takes place from July to September. The western Depressions bring rainfall primarily from December to March. In the intervening periods, October - November and April - June a small quantity of rainfall comes from thunder stones.

Humidity:

In Pakistan humidity is generally low and the air is mostly dry or greater part of the year - except Karachi which lies on the coast has a moisture in the air.

Saturday, 4 November 2017

Climate and Weather of Pakistan


Climate and Weather of Pakistan

The climate of Pakistan is very cold in winter and very hot in summer. During cold weather season the mean monthly temperature is below 5° C in the mountainous areas and varies to 18° c in the south. 
During hot weather season the mean maximum daily temperature varies between 45' C and 46° c and 460 c Jacob abad is the hottest Place in the sub-continent with the highest recorded temperatures of 52 ° c in May and 53' c in June. 

Friday, 3 November 2017

Soil of Pakistan

Soil of Pakistan:

Alifye - Pakistan Study - Soil of Pakistan
Soils in Pakistan vanes from region to region mostly these are loamy and moist to a great extent. The Indus Basin Soils are Alluvial in nature and is deposited by the Indus and its tributaries. The soils can be divided into three major categories: -
  1. Bangor Soils OldAlluvium)

  2. Khaddar SoilsRecent Alluvium) 

  3. Indus Delta Soils

The Mountains soils occur in the high land areas o the north and west and are residual as well as transported. These soils are usually strongly calcareous with low organic contents.
Sandy Desert Soil extends over some parts of western Baluchistan and Cholistan and Thar Desert. Thal desert soils occur in large section of the Sindh Sagar Doab. Desert soils includes rolling to hilly sand soils and clayey flood plain soils.

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