World Heritage Sites in Pakistan

World Heritage Sites in Pakistan

Pakistan is a melting pot of cultures and civilizations it has a rich cultural heritage. Each conqueror, traveler and sage has left behind an imprint that added a step to the cultural evolution of this region.

Alifye - Pakistan Study - World Heritage Sites in Pakistan

Rohtas Fort

Rohtas Fort was built in the 1540s by Sher Shah Suri. The fort was subsequently extended by Mughal Emperor Akbar.

Ruins at Meonjodaro

Harappa and Meonjodaro were part of the Indus Valley Civilization, which flourished over 4500 years ago. One of he Best Known Scupltures from Meonjodaro is a bust known as the King Priest.

Takht Bahi: 

Located near the city of Mardan. Takht Bahi was unearthed in early 20ty century in 1980. It was included in the UNIESCO world Heritage list as the largest Buddhist remains in Gandhara. The remains at Sahr-i-Bahlol located in south Takht Bahi also date back to the same period.

Texila

Texila Illustrates the different stages in the development of ancient city on the Indus Texila was inscribed in the World Heritage list in 1980.

The Lahore Fort

The Lahore Fort and the Shalimar Gardens. The Shalimar Garden was built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan. These two remnants of the Mughal era were inscribed together in the list of world Heritage Sites in 1981.

Lahore fort is the only monument in Pakistan that represents a complete history of Mughal architecture as it was renovated added to and improved upon by subsequent Muhal rulers  after Emperor Akbar.

Alamgiri Gate is presently the main entrance of the fort. It was built by Emperor Auranzeb Alamgir.

Shish Mehal, or Palace of Mirrors

Shish Mehal, or Palace of Mirrors, stands in the north of the fort. The roofs are embellished with thousands of tiny mirrors reflecting the best of a traditional craft of Shishgari from Punjab Shish Mahal, was built as an official residence for the empress of Shah Jahan.

Makli Sindh

Makli is situated a few kilometers outside Thatta. Once a city of great strategic importance that prospered until the Indus River changed its course away towards the east. It is believed that the necropolis grew around the tomb of the 14ty century Sufi Saint, Hamad Jamali.

Historical Monuments of Thatta

Thatta’s  ancient burial ground on Makil Hills.

Intricately carved sandstone monuments are a feature of this site. The symbols on the graves depict gander. A women’s grave is adorned with jewelry whereas a man’s grave is adorned with warriors on horseback. Thatta Monuments were inscribed in the list of World Heritage Sites of Pakistan in 1981.

Read More

Livestock in Pakistan

Livestock in Pakistan

Livestock plays an important role in the economy of Pakistan, which accounts for 38 percent of the agricultural value added and about 10 percent of total GDP. During the current year we growth in plus sectors ha been estimated at 4.8 percent. During the year 1997 - 98 the livestock population increased to 126.41 million as compared to 122.61 million during the previous veal showing an increase .of 3.1 percent. 

Alifye - Pakistan Study - Livestock in Pakistan

According to the estimates of the total production of meet during I 997 -98 the production of beef will reach up to 1082 thousand tons of the last year. Similarly, milk production would rise up to 22039 thousand tons as compared to 20950 thousand tons during t lie last year. The increase in the production of beef, mutton and milk over the previous car will be 5.2%. 7.2 and 5.2 percent respectively.

Read More

Transport in Pakistan

Transport in Pakistan  

Alifye - Pakistan Study - Transport in Pakistan

Considerable progress has been made in the transport sector during the current fiscal year. During July March 1997 — 98, the total length of roads n the country increased to 236.04 kms from 228.206 kms during be comparable period of last year. The Islamabad — Lahore Motorway (M-2) has been completed and opened for traffic in November 1997. Pakistan Railways network consists of 8.775 route km and 781 stations. Its major assists include 551 locomotives. 4.250 passenger coaches and 32,000 freight wagons, During • 1997 — 98 it 64.28 million passengers and its gross craning stood at Rs. 10. 095 billion.

Alifye - Pakistan Study - Transport Pakistan - Airline

The network of Pakistan International Airlines covers 55 international and 37 domestic stations. Presently, three private air lines i.e. Shaheen Airlines, Bhoja Air and Aero Asia are operating in the country and providing air travel services to the public. The country }, two major seaports as Karachi Sea port and Port Qasim. Beside, two i`s, Harbor - Cum - Mini Ports are being developed at Gawadar and Keu Blinder. The Karachi Port has handled 17.020 tones of car 20 during July - March 1997 - 8 compare with 17.460 million tones during Qasim has handled 11.021 million the same period last year Port tones ton of caro during July - March 1997 - 98 compared with 7.584 million  tones during the comparable period of last year. 

Read More

National T20 Cup 2017 - 2018

Pakistan Sports News Updates

National Cricket T20 Cup 2017 / 2018

Schedule of All Matches 2017 - 2018

1st Match: 12Pm ----- 2nd Match 4pm ----- All Matches @ Rawalpindi Stadium

Alifye - Sports News - National T20 Cup 2017 - 2018

11 Nov 2017 - Karachi Whites Vs Faisalabad           11 Nov 2017 - Lahore Whites Vs Lahore Blues
12 Nov 2017 - Peshawar Vs FATA                            12 Nov 2017 - Islamabad Vs Rawalpindi
13 Nov 2017 - Lahore Blues Vs Faisalabad              13 Nov 2017 - Lahore Whites Vs Karachi Whites
14 Nov 2017 - Rawalpindi Vs Peshawar                   14 Nov 2017 - Islamabad Vs FATA
15 Nov 2017 - Lahore Whites Vs Faisalabad            15 Nov 2017 - Karachi Whites Vs Lahore Blues
16 Nov 2017 - Islamabad Vs Peshawar                     16 Nov 2017 - Rawalpindi Vs FATA
17 Nov 2017 - Lahore Whites Vs FATA                    17 Nov 2017 - Karachi Whites Vs Rawalpindi
18 Nov 2017 - Lahore Blues Vs Peshawar                18 Nov 2017 - Islamabad Vs Faisalabad
19 Nov 2017 - Lahore Whites Vs Rawalpindi           19 Nov 2017 - Karachi Whites Vs Peshawar
20 Nov 2017 - Karachi Whites Vs Islamabad            20 Nov 2017 - FATA Vs Lahore Blues
21 Nov 2017 - Lahore Whites Vs Peshawar              21 Nov 2017 - Faisalabad Vs Rawalpindi
22 Nov 2017 - Karachi Whites Vs FATA                  22 Nov 2017 - Islamabad Vs Lahore Blues
23 Nov 2017 - Lahore Blues Vs Rawalpindi            23 Nov 2017 - Faisalabad Vs Peshawar
24 Nov 2017 - Lahore Whites Vs Islamabad            24 Nov 2017 - Faisalabad Vs FATA

25 Nov 2017 Semi Final 

26 Nov 2017 Final

Read More

Indus Basin Treaty of Pakistan

Indus Basin Treaty of Pakistan:

Back Ground: 

Sources of left tributaries of the Indus lieIndia. After 1947 there was the threat that India would stop the flow of rivers. in 1958 India did the same and stop flow of water eastern tributary of Indus. Even before the Indus Basin treaty Pakistan started the construction link canals.

These link canals are:

Alifye - Pakistan Study - Indus Basin Treaty of Pakistan

The Bombanwali — Ravi — Bedian Link

145-metre canal from Bambanwali to Bedian on the Ravi, to feed the branches of the Upper Bari Doab Canal entering Pakistan from India.

The Balloko — Sulaimanke Link.

A 90 kilometer canal connecting the Ravi with the Sutlej, and supplying. the Sutlej valley project and,

The Marala — Ravi Link

100 kilometers long, connecting the Chenab with the Ravi, and supplying additional water to the Balloki — Sulaimanke Link.

The dispute between Pakistan and India over the waters of the Indus system of rivers was eventually resolved through the mediation of the World Bank, and the Indus Water Treaty was signed on 19 September 1960. The treaty recognizes a division of the rivers of the Indus system between the two countries, the three eastern rivers (Ravi, Beas and Sutlej) being awarded to India, and the three western rivers (Indus, Jhelum and Chenab) being awarded to Pakistan. To overcome the shortage of water in the eastern part of the country a plan was envisaged which was completed in three phases.

First Phase:

Construction Mangla Dam, the Trimmu — Sidhnai — Mailsi — Bahawal link canal system, the Sidhnai Barrage and Mailsi Syphon.

The Second Phase:

The construction of Tarbela Dam, The Rasul — Qadirabad Balloki Sulaimanke link Canal and three Barrages at Rasul, Qadirabad and Marala.

Third Phase

The construction of Taunsa — Punjnad link canal, the Chashma — Jhelum link canal and the Chashma Barrage.

The extensive system of canal irrigation in the Indus Basin has raised the water table, rendering the worst affected areas waterlogged the reason of water logging is that the canals are unlined and these are constructed from north to south which abstract the natural flow of water which is from east to west.

Now government of Pakistan has launched a programme named National Drainage Programme, with a total cost of 3100 million rupees to overcome the problem of water logging and salinity.

Read More

Canal System of Pakistan

Canal System of Pakistan:

The irrigated area is served by more than 40 major canal commands, Main canals start from a barrage or dam or weir on a river, A barrage seeds one or more main or link canals, A number of minor distributors feed out the main canal and these, in turn, serve a number o outlets to the farmers' water — courses, each o which irrigates between 60 and 240 hectares.

There are three major groups of canal system:-

1. Canal on Upper — Indus Tributaries
2. Systems on the Indus, and
3. Systems west of the Indus

From the Jhelum:

Alifye - Pakistan Study - Jehlum Canal System

Upper Jhelum Canal which starts from Mangla, joins the Chenab at Ithanki, to give its surplus water to the Lower Chenab Canal and;

The Lower Jhelum Canal, which starts Rome Rasul.

From the Chenab:

The Upper Chenab Canal, starting Rome Marla and joining the Ravi near Baloki to supplement the water supply of the Lower Bari Doab Canal, the Lower Chenab Canal Rome Ithanki, and the Haveli system of canals from the Trinunu Weir, below the junction of the Chenab and the Jhelum.

From the Ravi:

Alifye - Pakistan Study - Ravi Canal System

1. The Upper Bari Doab Canal which begins at Madhour (India), irri mainly the Indian Punjab, gating with only its Lahore branch reaching Pakistan
2. The Lower Bari Doab Canal Rome Baloki, and
3. The SicIlmai Canals from the left bank of the Ravi at Sidhnai.

From the Sutlej:

Alifye - Pakistan Study - Sutlej Canal System

From Sutlej River Canals depart at Ganda Singh wata Sulaimanke, Islam and below the junction of the Sutulej with the Chenab at Punjnad.

The Upper Jhelum, the Upper Chenab and the lower Bari Doab canals together from the Triple Project, which was designed to carry surplus water from the Jhelum to the Chenab and from the Chenab to the Ravi.

Read More

New Talent Impress - England hold Germany

New Talent Impress - England hold Germany:

Football 

Alifye - News - Sports - New Talent Impress - England hold Germany

LONDON (AFP) - European nation debutantes Jordan Gladys Smith and Ruben Loftus-Cheek caught the attention as Gareth Southgate s injured-ravaged facet contend out a 0-0 draw with world champions FRG in Friday s city district friendly.

Everton goalkeeper Gladys Smith, 23, created variety of good saves, whereas 21-year-old Chelsea midfielder Loftus-Cheek, United Nations agency is on loan at Crystal Palace, made Associate in Nursing assured show within the range ten shirt.

It was solely the second time in seven matches that European nation had avoided defeat against FRG at city district, with the opposite game a attract the semi-finals of monetary unit ninety six that culminated during a penalty scrap loss.

Gareth Southgate was the autumn guy some time past, however the britain manager had additional to smile concerning on this occasion, albeit despite a first-half injury to Phil Jones additional limiting his choices previous Tuesday s friendly with Brazil.

"In the primary [*fr1] there have been a few of very product saves from Jordan. we have a tendency to caused our own issues with a few of these," aforesaid Southgate.

"But we have a tendency to posed  our own queries and that i thought we have a tendency to used the ball well."

On Loftus-Cheek, he added: "He did everything i do know he will do. he's capable of something. He can gain vast confidence from it."

Joachim Loew s FRG, for whom metal city full-back Marcel Halstenberg created his debut, came nearest to grading once athlete Leroy Sane hot and bothered the crossbar midway through the primary [*fr1].

The Confederations Cup winners passed over on Associate in Nursing eighth sequent win, however they need currently gone twenty games unvanquished previous their year-ending game with France -- the last team to beat them -- on Tuesday.

"Both groups were superb and contend well defensively. There weren t several counter-attacks," aforesaid Loew.

"In the primary [*fr1] we have a tendency to had 3 or four smart attacks. Our defence was well unionised around Mats Hummels. within the last half the sport drifted away and there weren t several possibilities.

"Both coaches tried to check players and produce on substitutes, that affected the flow of play."

England s injury blight obligated Southgate to call debutants Gladys Smith, Loftus-Cheek and Tammy patriarch during a tender beginning XI and he quickly found himself having to pitch another newcomer into the fray.

In scenes that may have caused dismay to Manchester United manager Jose Mourinho, Jones went down gesturing to his heavily strapped left thigh and had to come back off, with city s Joe Gomez seizing.

Germany already looked the additional dangerous facet by that time, with Sane showing signs of his superlative Manchester town type by fucking an endeavor against Gladys Smith s bar from a foothold on the proper.

Pickford, promoted once Jack Butland bust a finger in coaching, double showed textbook technique to thwart Timo Werner with one-handed saves, Jones heading Sane s follow-up off the road on the primary occasion.

England began to claim themselves as half-time neared, patriarch seeing an endeavor drift simply wide via a deflection off Antonio Rudiger and Jamie Vardy lobbing Marc-Andre ter Stegen, just for Matthias Ginter to go clear.

Vardy went nearer early within the last half once he met Kieran Trippier s cross with a firm downward header, however Ter Stegen got right down to his right to paw the ball away.

Loftus-Cheek became additional potent because the game wore on, drifting aloof from challenges and mistreatment the ball showing intelligence, however neither he nor anyone else might offer the spark needed to interrupt the impasse.

England ought to have won it at the death once Harry Maguire s back-post header from Marcus Rashford s free-kick fell to substitute Jesse Lingard six yards from goal, however he prodigally skied his shot over the bar.

Read More

Mineral Resources of Pakistan

Mineral Resources of Pakistan:

Alifye - Pakistan Study - Mineral Resources in Pakistan

In Pakistan there are vie regions, which are comparatively rich in minerals. Five regions are comparatively rich in minerals (The SaltRange and Makarwaal region (rock salt, gypsum and coal) the Pothwar Plateau (oil); north — east Baluchistan and adjacent parts of Waziristan (coal,chromate and marble); Lower Indus Plain (natural gas and coal); and Chitral (iron).

Read More

Important Sea Ports of Pakistan

Important Sea Ports of Pakistan:

Alifye - Pak Study - Karachi Port

Karachi Port

Gwadar (C Pack)

Alifye - Pak Study - Gwadar Port

Keti Bandar

Port Qasim & 

Alifye - Pak Study - Port Qasim

Lahore are important seaports of Pakistan.

Climate Divisions:

1. Subtropical continental Highlands
2. Subtropical continental Plateau
3. Sub tropical continental Law Lands
4. Tropical Coast Lands

Read More

Historical and Public Places of Pakistan

Historical and Public Places of Pakistan: 

1- Historical. Places:

Alifye - Pakistan Study - Texila Museum

Texila, Ham Millar (Qila Shekhupura), Fort of Lahore, Haraappa, Mohenjodaro, Jahangir's Tomb, Badshahi Mosque (Lahore), Shalimar Garden (Lahore), MasjidMahabat Khan, Harand Fort and Dilo Rai Ki Theer Jampur Dist Rajanpur are some historical places in Pakistan.

2- Public Places: 

• Public Places:                                                                  City 

  

  Alifye - Pakistan Study - Jallo Park

         Public Place                                                                 Rawalpindi

         Jallo Park                                                                     Lahore

         Race Course Park                                                        Lahore

         Jinnah Garden                                                             Lahore 

         Gulshan E Iqbal Park                                                  Lahore

         Minar E Pakistan Park                                                Lahore

         Zoo                                                                              Lahore

         Museum                                                                       Lahore

         Lanier Park                                                                  Lahore

         Model Town Park                                                        Lahore

         Suzo Water Park                                                          Lahore

         Changa Manga                                                             Lahore

         Shakar Parian                                                               Islamabad

         Daman E Koh                                                               Islamabad

Alifye - Historical Places - Daman E Koh

         Patriata                                                                          New Murree

         Pindi Point, Kashmir Point                                           Murree Hills

         Clifton                                                                           Karachi

         Holks Bay                                                                      Karachi

         Manora                                                                          Karachi

         Lake Saif Ul Maluk                                                       NWFP

Alifye - Historical Places - Lake Saif Ul Maluk

         Fort Manro                                                                     D. G Khan

Pindi Point, Kashmir Point Clifton Holics Bay Manors Lake Saif ul Maluk Fort Marino

Murree hills Karachi Karachi Karachi NWF D. G. Khan

Read More

Season of Pakistan

Season of Pakistan: 

Alifye - Pakistan Study - Season of Pakistan

Pakistan has the same four seasons found in the rest of the sub-continent, but their duration is somewhat different.

In Pakistan, the seasons may be distinguished as follows:

1. Cold weather season (Mid - December to March)
2. Hot weather season (April to June)
3. Monsoon season (July to September)
4. Post - Monsoon season (October to mid-December).

Rain Fall In Pakistan:

Alifye - Pakistan Study - Rain Fall in Pakistan

Rainfall in Pakistan is scanty and its annual average is about 15 The major part of Pakistan experiences dry climate. Humid conditions prevail over a small area in the north. The whole of Sindh. most of Baluchistan. The major part of the Punjab south of Sahiwal and the central pan of the Northern Areas receives less than - inches of rain fall in year. Three 1prge areas.

1. Northern Sindh and Southern Punjab.
2. North - western Baluchistan.

The central part of the Northern Areas have to contend with an annual rainfall of less than 125 mm, North of Sahiwal the rainfall steadily increases and aridity stars to demit. However the true humid conditions appear after the rainfall increases to 750 mm/ 30 inches on the plains and 625 nun/ 25 inches on the high hlands.

There are two sources of rainfall in Pakistan. The monsoons and the western Depressions. The monsoon rainfall takes place from July to September. The western Depressions bring rainfall primarily from December to March. In the intervening periods, October - November and April - June a small quantity of rainfall comes from thunder stones.

Humidity:

In Pakistan humidity is generally low and the air is mostly dry or greater part of the year - except Karachi which lies on the coast has a moisture in the air.

Read More

Climate and Weather of Pakistan

Climate and Weather of Pakistan

The climate of Pakistan is very cold in winter and very hot in summer. During cold weather season the mean monthly temperature is below 5° C in the mountainous areas and varies to 18° c in the south. 

 

Alifye - Pakistan Study - Climate and Weather of Pakistan

During hot weather season the mean maximum daily temperature varies between 45' C and 46° c and 460 c Jacob abad is the hottest Place in the sub-continent with the highest recorded temperatures of 52 ° c in May and 53' c in June. 

Hot city Sibi and cold city of Pakistan Murree and Gilgit.

Read More

Soil of Pakistan

Soil of Pakistan:

Alifye - Pakistan Study - Soil of Pakistan

Soils in Pakistan vanes from region to region mostly these are loamy and moist to a great extent. The Indus Basin Soils are Alluvial in nature and is deposited by the Indus and its tributaries. The soils can be divided into three major categories: -

1. Bangor Soils OldAlluvium)

2. Khaddar SoilsRecent Alluvium) 

3. Indus Delta Soils

The Mountains soils occur in the high land areas o the north and west and are residual as well as transported. These soils are usually strongly calcareous with low organic contents.

Sandy Desert Soil extends over some parts of western Baluchistan and Cholistan and Thar Desert. Thal desert soils occur in large section of the Sindh Sagar Doab. Desert soils includes rolling to hilly sand soils and clayey flood plain soils.

Read More