Indus Basin Treaty of Pakistan

Indus Basin Treaty of Pakistan:

Back Ground: 

Sources of left tributaries of the Indus lieIndia. After 1947 there was the threat that India would stop the flow of rivers. in 1958 India did the same and stop flow of water eastern tributary of Indus. Even before the Indus Basin treaty Pakistan started the construction link canals.

These link canals are:

Alifye - Pakistan Study - Indus Basin Treaty of Pakistan

The Bombanwali — Ravi — Bedian Link

145-metre canal from Bambanwali to Bedian on the Ravi, to feed the branches of the Upper Bari Doab Canal entering Pakistan from India.

The Balloko — Sulaimanke Link.

A 90 kilometer canal connecting the Ravi with the Sutlej, and supplying. the Sutlej valley project and,

The Marala — Ravi Link

100 kilometers long, connecting the Chenab with the Ravi, and supplying additional water to the Balloki — Sulaimanke Link.

The dispute between Pakistan and India over the waters of the Indus system of rivers was eventually resolved through the mediation of the World Bank, and the Indus Water Treaty was signed on 19 September 1960. The treaty recognizes a division of the rivers of the Indus system between the two countries, the three eastern rivers (Ravi, Beas and Sutlej) being awarded to India, and the three western rivers (Indus, Jhelum and Chenab) being awarded to Pakistan. To overcome the shortage of water in the eastern part of the country a plan was envisaged which was completed in three phases.

First Phase:

Construction Mangla Dam, the Trimmu — Sidhnai — Mailsi — Bahawal link canal system, the Sidhnai Barrage and Mailsi Syphon.

The Second Phase:

The construction of Tarbela Dam, The Rasul — Qadirabad Balloki Sulaimanke link Canal and three Barrages at Rasul, Qadirabad and Marala.

Third Phase

The construction of Taunsa — Punjnad link canal, the Chashma — Jhelum link canal and the Chashma Barrage.

The extensive system of canal irrigation in the Indus Basin has raised the water table, rendering the worst affected areas waterlogged the reason of water logging is that the canals are unlined and these are constructed from north to south which abstract the natural flow of water which is from east to west.

Now government of Pakistan has launched a programme named National Drainage Programme, with a total cost of 3100 million rupees to overcome the problem of water logging and salinity.